The smallest wires ever developed in silicon just one atom tall and four atoms wide have been shown by a team of researchers from the University of New South Wales,
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The discovery, which was published in this week’s journal Science,
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For engineers it could provide a roadmap to future nanoscale computational devices where atomic sizes are at the end of Moore’s law. The theory shows that a single dense row of phosphorus atoms embedded in silicon will be the ultimate limit of downscaling,
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The innovation of the Australian group was to build the circuits up atom by atom, instead of the current method of building microprocessors,
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The goal of the research is to develop future quantum computers in which single atoms are used for the computation, says Michelle Simmons, director of the Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology at the University of New South Wales and the project’s principal investigator.
"We are on the threshold of making transistors out of individual atoms," Simmons says. "But to build a practical quantum computer we have recognized that the interconnecting wiring and circuitry also needs to shrink to the atomic scale."
Hoon Ryu,
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"The metallic wire is in principle quite difficult to be scaled into one to two nanometer pitch, but in both experimental and modeling views, the research result is quite remarkable," Ryu says. "For the first time, this demonstrates the possibility that densely doping wire is a viable alternative for the next gerenation,
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To assist the Australian researchers,
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Klimeck says that in addition to the project’s scientific and engineering implications,
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"It is an exciting collaboration," he says. "We were doing simulations of experimental work,
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